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Showing Results 1561 - 1568 of 1591

Princess Elizabeth A. Windsor
Army
Princess Elizabeth
A.
Windsor
DIVISION: Army,
Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) the women's branch of the British Army
Apr 21, 1926 - Sep 8, 2022
BIRTHPLACE: Mayfair, London
HIGHEST RANK: Captain
THEATER OF OPERATION: European
SERVED: 1944 -
1
Sep 20, 1945
0
HONORED BY: The Eisenhower Foundation

BIOGRAPHY

On September 13, 1940, shortly after the start of Germany’s bombing campaign on the towns and cities of Britain, five high explosive bombs were dropped on Buckingham Palace. The Royal Chapel, inner quadrangle and Palace gates were hit, and several workmen were injured. Rather than flee the city under attack, King George VI and his wife Queen Elizabeth, remained at Buckingham Palace in solidarity with those living through the Blitz. This was a highly symbolic decision and received much attention in the press. The royal couple visited areas of London which had been devastated by air raids, speaking to residents and members of the local emergency services. The Queen took a keen interest in what was being done to help people who had lost their homes. After Buckingham Palace was bombed, she is reported to have said: 'I am glad we have been bombed. Now we can look the East End in the eye.' Princess Elizabeth was just 13 years old when war broke out on September 3, 1939. Like many children living in London, Elizabeth and her sister Princess Margaret were evacuated to avoid the dangers of bombing raids. They were sent to Windsor Castle, approximately 20 miles outside of London. The young princesses were two of over three million people—mainly children—who left cities for the safety of small towns and the countryside over the course of the war. The government’s Children’s Overseas Reception Board also evacuated over 2,600 children to Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States. On October 13, 1940, in response to this mass movement of people, Princess Elizabeth gave her first address from the drawing room of Windsor Castle as part of the BBC’s Children’s Hour in an attempt to boost public morale. She spoke directly to the children who had been separated from their families as part of the evacuation scheme. “Thousands of you in this country have had to leave your homes and be separated from your fathers and mothers. My sister Margaret Rose and I feel so much for you, as we know from experience what it means to be away from those you love most of all. To you living in new surroundings, we send a message of true sympathy and at the same time we would like to thank the kind people who have welcomed you to their homes in the country.” Hear Princess Elizabeth’s address to the children of the United Kingdom in this Smithsonian Magazine video. Public responses to this broadcast varied. Interviewers from the social research project Mass Observation took to the streets to ask people what they thought in an effort to gauge the reaction of the British public. Out of 57 people surveyed, 38 had heard the broadcast. More than 20 people positively commented how “charming,” “sweet,” “beautiful,” or “lovely” Princess Elizabeth sounded, but also that she spoke “very clearly,” was “wonderful,” and “did very well.” Most people assumed that the speech had been written for her and suggested it was “propaganda” or “a way to ‘keep the population quiet.’” However, several newspapers reported positively on the speech and included a photograph of the two princesses at the microphone. As the war progressed, Princess Elizabeth championed more aspects of wartime life and resilience. In 1943, she was photographed tending her allotments at Windsor Castle as part of the government’s “Dig for Victory” campaign, in which people were urged to use gardens and every spare piece of land to grow vegetables to help combat food shortages. Before the Second World War, Britain had relied on food imports from across the world, but when the war started, shipping was threatened by enemy submarines and warships. This resulted in food shortages and led to rationing of foods such as meat, butter cheese, eggs, and sugar. On the morning of her sixteenth birthday, Princess Elizabeth undertook her first inspection of a military regiment during a parade at Windsor Castle. She had been given the role of honorary colonel of the Grenadier Guards, which symbolized her military involvement in the war effort. When Princess Elizabeth turned 18 in 1944, she insisted upon joining the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS), the women’s branch of the British Army. For several years during the war, Britain had conscripted women to join the war effort. Unmarried women under 30 had to join the armed forces or work on the land or in industry. King George made sure that his daughter was not given a special rank in the Army. She started as a second subaltern in the ATS and was later promoted to Junior Commander, the equivalent of Captain. Princess Elizabeth, as a 2nd Subaltern in the ATS, leans against a vehicle during training. Imperial War Museum, TR 2835. Princess Elizabeth began her training as a mechanic in March 1945. She undertook a driving and vehicle maintenance course at Aldershot, qualifying on April 14. Newspapers at the time dubbed her “Princess Auto Mechanic.” There were a wide range of jobs available to female soldiers in the ATS as cooks, telephonists, drivers, postal workers, searchlight operators, and ammunition inspectors. Some women served as part of anti-aircraft units, although they were not allowed to fire the guns. The jobs were dangerous, and during the course of the war, 335 ATS women were killed and many more injured. By June 1945, there were around 200,000 members of the ATS from across the British Empire serving on the home front and in many overseas theaters of war. While Princess Elizabeth spent the majority of her days at the training facility, it was close enough to Windsor Castle that the princess would return there each evening rather than sleep at the camp with her fellow ATS members. The King and Queen and Princess Margaret visited Princess Elizabeth at the Mechanical Transport Training Section in Camberley, Surrey, and watched her learn about engine maintenance. When describing the visit to LIFE Magazine, the Princess commented “I never knew there was quite so much advance preparation [for a royal visit] ...I’ll know another time.” Princess Elizabeth (leaning over the vehicle) shows her father the King and Princess Margaret her work on a car engine. Image from the Imperial War Museum collection, H 41641. As part of her ATS training, Princess Elizabeth underwent a course in driving instruction. Image from the Imperial War Museum collection, H 41661. On May 8, 1945, the war in Europe ended. In London, thousands of people took to the streets to celebrate, flooding Trafalgar Square and the Mall leading up to Buckingham Palace where the King and Queen greeted them from the balcony. As the light began to fade and the celebrations looked to continue into the night, Princess Elizabeth, dressed in her ATS uniform, slipped into the crowds with her sister to enjoy the festivities. In 1985, the now Queen spoke to the BBC about how she tried to avoid being spotted, “I remember we were terrified of being recognized so I pulled my uniform cap well down over my eyes.” She described the “lines of unknown people linking arms and walking down Whitehall, and all of us were swept along by tides of happiness and relief.” There are even reports that the princesses joined a conga dance through the Ritz Hotel as they celebrated with the crowds. “I think it was one of the most memorable nights of my life.” she recalled.

"Courtesy of National WW2 Museum"

Other Service Documents

Eldon Wingerd
Navy
Eldon
Wingerd
DIVISION: Navy
Feb 28, 1913 - Mar 4, 2004
BIRTHPLACE: Navarre, KS
HIGHEST RANK: ensign
THEATER OF OPERATION: American
0
0
HONORED BY: The Eisenhower Foundation

BIOGRAPHY

Eldon Wingerd was born in Navarre, KS, February of 1913 to Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Wingerd. Wingerd attended Chapman High School graduating with the class of 1931. He worked 2 years with his father in Navarre then attended McPherson College for 1 year. In 1935 Wingerd went to Washington D.C. taking a position with the Department of Agriculture. In 1941, he transferred from the Agriculture department to the Federal Public Housing Authority and was employed there until he joined the Navy in the summer of 1943. Wingerd had attained his Bachelor of Arts degree majoring in engineering from night classes during his employment in Washington D.C. After his training, Wingerd was assigned to duty with the Bureau of Ships, Washington D. C. where he served as an officer in the US naval reserve. Courtesy of the Dickinson County Heritage Center and Museum.

Richard "Dick" Winters
Richard Winters
Army
Richard
Winters
DIVISION: Army,
2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne
Jan 21, 1918 - Jan 2, 2011
BIRTHPLACE: New Holland, PA
HIGHEST RANK: Major
THEATER OF OPERATION: European
SERVED: Aug 25, 1941 -
0
1946
1
BATTLE: Normandy - D-Day Rhineland, Ardennes - Alsace
MILITARY HONORS: Bronze Star Purple Heart Distinguished Service Cross, Croix de Guerr - France & Belgium
HONORED BY: The Eisenhower Foundation

BIOGRAPHY

Richard "Dick" Winters was born in New Holland, Pennsylvania,[to Richard and Edith Winters on January 21, 1918. The family soon moved to nearby Ephrata, and then to Lancaster when he was eight years old. He graduated from Lancaster Boys High School in 1937 and attended Franklin and Marshall College. At Franklin and Marshall, Winters was a member of the Upsilon chapter of Delta Sigma Phi fraternity and participated in intramural football and basketball. He had to give up wrestling, his favorite sport, and most of his social activities for his studies and the part-time jobs that paid his way through college. He graduated in 1941 with a B.S. in Economics. He obtained the highest academic standing in the business college.

On August 25, 1941, Winters enlisted in the Army. He would write in his memoirs that he "had no desire to get into the war" but joined to fulfill a one-year requirement of service and to avoid being drafted later. He had basic training in South Carolina and after being identified as a person with leadership potential, he was subsequently sent to Fort Benning, Georgia to attend Officer Candidate School. It was here that he decided to become a paratrooper. He was assigned to the Company E, 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment. The 506th regiment was the first one to pursue airborne training as a cohesive unit and as such was a bit of an experiment; of the 5,300 volunteers only 1,800 men made it through.

At around 1 am on June 6th, 1944, Winters had landed in Normandy. Vital Ally planes had been gunned down and he had lost his weapon. Quick on his feet, he employed his natural leadership skills and rallied what paratroopers he could and carried on with the assignment; Winters assumed the role of acting commanding officer due to the fact that the previous lieutenant had been gunned down during the raid. He took his thirteen men, who were currently being fired upon and was able to destroy a German artillery of 105 guns manned by fifty platoons. After the battle he was promoted to captain and would lead his troops in several other tactical military strikes. The E company also took part in other two major assaults under his command. The first being in September of 1944, Operation Market Garden, which ended up being a failed attempt to regain the Netherlands. The second operation, in December of the same year, the Battle of the Bulge, was far more successful and proved to be instrumental in weakening German forces. During his time served he was promoted to the rank of Major. Winter’s valiant efforts earned him the Distinguished Service Cross, the second highest award that can be given to a member of the army. He earned numerous other medals and accolades. On June 6th, 2012, the 68th anniversary of D-Day, a bronze statue in his likeness was erected in Saint-Marie du Mont, France.  

The actions of Richard Winters south of the village of Le Grand-Chemin, called the Brécourt Manor Assault, has been taught at the military academy at West Point as an example of a textbook assault on a fixed position by a numerically inferior force. Courtesy of milartarymedals.com.

Pearl Witherington
Other
Pearl
Witherington
DIVISION: Other,
Women's Auxiliary Air Force, Special Operations Executive (SOE)
Jun 24, 1914 - Feb 24, 2008
BIRTHPLACE: France
THEATER OF OPERATION: European
SERVED: 1943 -
1
Sep 21, 1944
0
MILITARY HONORS: Commander of the Order of the British Empire Legion of Honour
HONORED BY: The Eisenhower Foundation

BIOGRAPHY

Cecile Pearl Witherington was born and raised in France by British expatriate parents, and was a British subject. Witherington escaped from occupied France with her mother and three sisters in December 1940. The family arrived in London in July 1941 where she found work with the Air Ministry, specifically the Women's Auxiliary Air Force. Determined to fight back against the German occupation of France, and wanting a more active role in the fight, she joined Britain's Special Operations Executive (SOE) on 8 June 1943. In training she emerged as the "best shot" the service had ever seen; however, she never carried a gun during her mission in France. Given the code name "Marie", Witherington was dropped by parachute into occupied France on 22 September 1943, landing near Tendu in Indre Department. There she joined Maurice Southgate, leader of the SOE Stationer Network and Jacqueline Nearne, Southgate's courier, and reunited with her fiancé. Over the next eight months, posing as a cosmetics saleswoman, Witherington also worked as a courier The Stationer network covered a large area in central France and Witherington was effectively homeless, spending nights sleeping on trains as she traveled from one place to another delivering messages and undergoing frequent checks of her (false) identity cards by the Gestapo and French police. In April  of 1944, Nearne was arrested and Southgate in May of 1944, was arrested. Their wireless operator arrested a day later. Witherington escaped being caught. Survival as an SOE agent was often luck. With her cohorts captured, Witherington formed and became leader of a new SOE network, Wrestler, under the new code-name "Pauline", in the Valençay–Issoudun–Châteauroux triangle. She organized the network with the help of her fiancé, Henri Cornioley. Witherington did not attempt to issue orders to the maquis groups directly, but found a willing French colonel to do so. Witherington worked closely with the adjoining SOE Shipwright network, headed by her former colleague Amédée Maingard. Together, their networks caused more than 800 interruptions of railway lines in June 1944 focused on cutting the main railroad line between Paris and Bordeaux. Putting those lines out of operation hindered the German effort to transport men and material to the battle front in Normandy. On the morning of 11 June 1944, German soldiers attacked Witherington at the Les Souches château, her headquarters near the village of Dun-le-Poëlier. Only a few maquis and non-combatants were present when the Germans arrived. Under fire, Witherington hid the tin where she kept a large amount of money and fled to a wheat field where she hid until nightfall. Her fiancé, Henri Cornioley, also hiding in a wheat field, counted 56 truckloads of Germans participating in the operation. According to Witherington, the Germans didn't try to find the hidden maquis and the SOE agents, confining themselves to destroying the weapons they found in the chateau. The attack on Witherington's headquarters was part of a larger operation in which 32 maquis were killed. The attack left Witherington in "a hopeless state—we had nothing left, no weapons and no radio." She bicycled to Saint-Viâtre to meet an SOE operative, Philippe de Vomécourt, nom de guerre "Saint Paul," and radioed London requesting resupply. On 24 June, three planes air-dropped supplies and Witherington was back in operation. The number of maquis in her region quickly ballooned to as many as 3,500 as the Normandy invasion emboldened young men to join the resistance. She and Cornioley divided the maquis into four subsections, each with its leader. SOE in Great Britain supported the maquis groups by parachuting 60 planeloads of arms and material to them. Witherington had long requested a military commander to help her and on 25 July Captain Francois Perdriset arrived to assist in the military operations of the maquis in Witherington's sector. Witherington returned to England in September of 1944 and married Henri Comioley. She was eligible to receive the Military Cross but it was not extended to women at the time. Courtesy of Second World War-Secret Service and Wikipedia.org.

Herman A. Woff
Army
Herman
A.
Woff
DIVISION: Army,
33rd Hospital
Jul 14, 1912 -
BIRTHPLACE: Wakeeny, KS
THEATER OF OPERATION: European
SERVED: Jun 15, 1942 -
0
Nov 28, 1945
0
HONORED BY: VFW Post 1714

BIOGRAPHY

Had 100th birthday at VFP Post 1714 on July 14, 2012.

Harold R. Wolf
Army
Harold
R.
Wolf
DIVISION: Army
SERVED: Apr 13, 1942 -
0
0
HONORED BY: Eisenhower Foundation
Robert L. Wolford
Navy
Robert
L.
Wolford
DIVISION: Navy
Dec 4, 1927 -
BIRTHPLACE: Leroy, KS
THEATER OF OPERATION: Pacific
SERVED: Nov 10, 1945 -
0
Oct 25, 1947
0
HONORED BY: Eisenhower Foundation
Robert Wolverton
Army Air Corps
Robert
Wolverton
DIVISION: Army Air Corps,
3rd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne
Jun 30, 2022 - Jun 30, 2022
HIGHEST RANK: Lt. Col.
THEATER OF OPERATION: European
0
0
BATTLE: D-Day
HONORED BY: The Eisenhower Foundation

BIOGRAPHY

Robert Lee "Bull" Wolverton (1914-1944) was the commander of the American 3rd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, from 1942 until his death at Saint-Côme-du-Mont, Normandy, on D-Day, June 6, 1944, during World War II. Despite being killed before landing on French soil, Wolverton's legacy endured, particularly on the strength of a prayer spoken to the 750 men in his battalion hours before the D-Day parachute drop behind enemy lines.

"Men, I am not a religious man and I don't know your feelings in this matter, but I am going to ask you to pray with me for the success of the mission before us. And while we pray, let us get on our knees and not look down but up with faces raised to the sky so that we can see God and ask His blessing in what we are about to do: "God almighty, in a few short hours we will be in battle with the enemy. We do not join battle afraid. We do not ask favors or indulgence but ask that, if You will, use us as Your instrument for the right and an aid in returning peace to the world. We do not know or seek what our fate will be. We ask only this, that if die we must, that we die as men would die, without complaining, without pleading and safe in the feeling that we have done our best for what we believed was right. O Lord, protect our loved ones and be near us in the fire ahead and with us now as we pray to you." A few hours after giving this speech, Robert jumped over Normandy and was killed by enemy fire before touching French soil. This true American hero is now resting in peace at the United States Military Academy Post Cemetery, West Point, New York.

"Courtesy of D-Day Historical Center"

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The mission of Ike's Soldiers is to honor Dwight D. Eisenhower's legacy through the personal accounts of the soldiers he led and share them with the world.

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"Humility must always be the portion of any man who receives acclaim earned in blood of his followers and sacrifices of his friends."
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Eisenhower Signature

Guildhall Address, London, June 12, 1945